灰色火山, rich in silica and dissolved gases, have viscous lava that traps volatiles. Pressure builds up in the magma chambers, leading to spectacular explosive eruptions, accompanied by ash plumes and pyroclastic flows. The stratovolcanoes of the Virunga (Nyiragongo, Nyamuragira, Bisoke) are emblematic examples of this dynamic. These phenomena pose the most brutal volcanic threat to populations.
非洲活火山：威胁与自然奇观之间
